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An effective culture system for producing embryos was developed from isolated microspores of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). The present work aimed to define exogenous arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) on the embryogenesis of sweet pepper under the growth environments of donor plants. The experiments were performed with the cultivars Arancia, California wonder, Californium, Camelot, Inspiration, Plato, and Taranto under three different growth environments of the donor plants. The impacts of the different numbers of sweet pepper ovaries (0, 5, 10, and 15) were evaluated on microspore embryogenesis of cultivars in a factorial design with five replications. The simultaneous application of 10 ovaries in stress (sucrose starvation; temperature)
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the important horticultural crop species world-wide. Identifying superior genotypes with a high yield and acceptable fruit quality can pave the way for breeding programs. In order to identify the best tomato cultivars for some of fruit quality and yield related traits, a 3-replicate experiment with 20 commercial tomato hybrids in randomized complete block design was conducted in research field of Tarbiat Modares University in Tehran, in 2017. The examined traits included number of days to flowering, number of days to first fruit-set, plant height, number of primary branches, number of primary clusters, number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant, leaf chlorophyll index, fruit juice acidity, f
Improvement of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) for growth in saline soils is a major goal of tomato breeders. The aim of this study was to identify the genetic combining ability and genetics of salinity tolerance in tomato. Plant materials were grown under normal (NG) and salinity stress (SSG) conditions. Results showed that the genetic controlling mechanism of salinity-related traits and fruit weight is complex and that all genetic components of additive, non-additive and maternal are involved. The nature of gene action for fruit weight and salinity-related traits was significantly affected by salinity stress. Dominance and additive gene action were predominant under NG and SSG, respectively. Under NG, the best general combiner parent
Wave breaking occurs when waves reach a critical level of amplitude, which results in releasing a significant amount of energy. Predicting the wave heights, locations and other characteristics of breaking waves in shallow water is an important area of research. The breaking wave height, which is the most important characteristic, depends on various parameters such as deepwater wavelength, breaking water depth and seabed slope. In this study, new formulae are proposed for predicting the breaking wave height focusing on two types of breaking waves, namely spilling and plunging. The breaking wave types can be classified by using the Iribarren number. A comprehensive set of laboratory and field observations is utilized to develop new formulae b
In this research, triple test cross analysis was applied to determine components of genetic variance for some characters related to salinity tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Significant epistasis effects were observed for most of the characters in two crossing blocks Kavir? Arta and Kavir? Moghan3. For seed weight in Kavir? Arta, gene effects were not significant, suggesting a similar gene or genes associated with the traits in the two parents, Kavir and Arta. The additive? dominance and dominance? dominance epistasis effects were significant for this character in the Kavir? Moghan3. Further partitioning of the epistasis item revealed that additive? dominance and dominance? dominance epistasis effects were significant for grain yield
Coriander is one of the most important medicinal plants which has been used in the pharmaceutical industry. GGE Biplot method is one of the suitable methods for analyzing data with bilateral structure. In this research, the GGE Biplot model was used to evaluate the combinability of coriander essential oil yield in Diallel cross progenies of six parental coriander genotypes including Isfahan, Hamedan, Bushehr, Mazandaran, Markazi, and Alborz in the F1 generation in different irrigation regimes and three experiments separately through randomized complete blocks design with three replications in each experiment during the growing season of 2016. The results of genetic variance analysis showed that the effect of general and specific compatibili
Key message A locus for perennial growth was mapped on Lophopyrum elongatum chromosome arm 4ES and intro-gressed into the wheat genome. Evidence was obtained that in addition to chromosome 4E, other L. elongatum chromosomes control perennial growth.
Ga nglion cyst is a small sac of fluid that forms over a joint or tendon (tissue that connects muscle to bone). The cyst contains a thick, sticky, clear, colorless, jellylike material. Depending on the size, cysts may be firm or spongy [1].
In the social model, disability is a type of phenomenon stemming from the socio-political structure that results from social approaches, the way of thinking, and the physical environment of individuals. In the medical model, it is based on the separation of persons with disabilities from the capable or capable society, and in the civil rights model, in addition to the social approaches, the emphasis is on the concept of right, and thus bringing the concept of disability closer to other elements known as human identity elements.
Since wheat and other annual cereal crops are often harvested for forage instead of grain in California, replacing them with perennial crops could save energy and reduce the release of heat‐trapping gases. To assess the potential for perennial crops based on wheat, biomass yield and stand persistence were studied for nine wheat?wheatgrass amphiploids (8x to 14x) and five wheatgrass species (2x to 10x) over three seasons in the Central Valley, California. The 8x and 10x amphiploids died after one biomass harvest and a single summer period. In contrast, the 14x amphiploids, which were sterile, continued producing biomass over the entire period of the trial. They were also highly salt‐stress tolerant with little decline in biomass product
Coriander is one of the most important medicinal plants which has been used in the pharmaceutical industry. GGE Biplot method is one of the suitable methods for analyzing data with bilateral structure. In this research, the GGE Biplot model was used to evaluate the combinability of coriander essential oil yield in Diallel cross progenies of six parental coriander genotypes including Isfahan, Hamedan, Bushehr, Mazandaran, Markazi, and Alborz in the F1 generation in different irrigation regimes and three experiments separately through randomized complete blocks design with three replications in each experiment during the growing season of 2016. The results of genetic variance analysis showed that the effect of general and specific compatibili
Plant genetic improvement may be done traditionally by selecting the most appropriate genotypes based on heritability, stability, genetic distance and other genetic parameters. In this paper, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) with some modifications was used as a new multivariate method for determining the capability of elite tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes to form the next-generation breeding population. Modified AHP is performed in three steps: (i) aligning traits and genotypes, (ii) calculating weights of traits, and (iii) calculating weights of genotypes. Fruit quality and yield were evaluated in 20 F2 tomato families cultured along with their parents in a randomised complete block design with three replications in the r
Introduction: Potato is a plant of the family (Solanaceae) and due to its vitamins, minerals, energy and high fiber, it is one of the most important agricultural products. Raw potato starch is indigestive, so thermal processing is necessary to increase its digestibility. Due to the increased unwillingness of consumers to use preservatives in food composition, demand for dried potatoes with improved qualitative characteristics has increased. One of the most important operations in food production is drying which reduces the amount of moisture in the food matrix and inhibits microbial and enzymatic activity. So far different methods have been used for drying. One of the most commonly used methods is hot air drying, which has problems and disa
133. The effect of seed inoculation with Azotobacter and Azospirillum and application of urban sewage sludge on some of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the (Brassica napus L.)
Background and objectives: At present, the ideological-political organization of IRI Police, according to its mission in promoting the religious and political insight of IRI Police employees, carries out various cultural activities in different sections of IRI Police and its affiliated organizations, which have suffered from various damages in the course of conduction since the beginning. This study seeks to identify the harms in the cultural activities of the ideological-political organization of IRI Police in police stations and checkpoints and provide suggestions for improving the current situation. Methodology: This research has been conducted using qualitative method–theme analysis. The research data were collected through 78 intervi