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Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental complex diseases with causative de-novo and inherited genetic factors. They include a range of cognitive and behavioral conditions such as pervasive developmental disorder, Asperger's syndrome, and autism. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay, as a cytogenetic study has been considered as one of the indicators of chromosomal damage in peripheral blood. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of micronucleus (MN) in peripheral blood lymphocytes of parents with autistic children. The study was case–control and the cases were parents of autistic children referring to the psychiatric department of the Ali-Asghar Hospital of Tehran. The total number of samples was 60 cases and 30 controls.
Despite considering vast majority of the transcribed molecules as merely noise RNA in the last decades, recent advances in the field of molecular biology revealed the mysterious role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as a massive part of functional non-protein-coding RNAs. As a crucial lncRNA, HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) has been shown to participate in different processes of normal cell development. Aberrant overexpression of this lncRNA contributes to breast cancer progression, through different molecular mechanisms. In this review, we briefly discuss the structure of HOTAIR in the context of genome and impact of this lncRNA on normal human development. We subsequently summarize the potential role of HOTAIR overexpression on di
Background: X-irradiations induce damages to the hematopoietic system by reducing the production of blood cells in bone marrow. In this study, the radioprotective effect of arbutin was investigated in megavoltage x-irradiated mice by measuring changes in hematological parameters and lymphocyte cells with micronucleus assay. Material and Methods: Sixty NMRI mice were irradiated with 6 MV photon beam (2 and 4 Gy in one fraction). Various concentrations of arbutin (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneal, 2 hours before whole body X-irradiation. Samples of peripheral blood cells were collected from the left ventricle. The frequency of micronuclei in 1000 cells were measured for each sample and level of peripheral blood cells were
Background: The question of whether low levels of non-ionizing radiations such as the radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) can induce the same positive immune responses remains unanswered. This study aimed to investigate the effects of non-ionizing RF-EMF on some parameters of the immune system in an animal model following infection with Salmonella Typhimurium and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Materials and Methods: Male BALB/c mice were exposed to RF-EMFs generated by a common GSM mobile phone for 3 days. Animals were infected with K. pneumonia or S. Typhimurium on the 4th day. On the7th day after injection, blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture. The specific antibodies against bacteria were determined by agglutination method
PurposeTo evaluate the effects of contrast enhanced abdominopelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on DNA damage.MethodsFor this study, blood samples of 20 volunteers (15 women and 5 men) with mean age of 43 ? 8 years were assessed. The mean age of women was 41.4 ? 8.9 years and mean age of men was 48.5 ? 4.9 years (P = 0.14). Peripheral blood samples were collected before, 2 and 24 hours after MRI in heparin and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) containing tubes. Heparinized blood was cultured to assess the cytogenetic effects using cytokinesis blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay. After isolation of mononuclear cells, alterations in genes involved in repair (CHEK2, p21) and apoptosis (BAX, BCL2) were analyzed using re
The analysis of DNA methylation patterns in circulating cell-free DNA in body fluids is an analyte of great interest in clinical research. Downstream of Kinase (DOK) proteins represent a multigenic family of adaptors that includes negative regulators of immune cell signaling and plays important roles in signaling, cellular growth, and survival. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pattern of promoter methylation and expression of the DOK4 gene in breast cancer, and its possible association with histoclinical characteristics. The mRNA expression of the DOK4 gene was evaluated in 164 breast tissues using Real-Time RT-PCR. The promoter methylation of this gene was evaluated in breast tissues and plasma free nucleic acids by MS-P
Astronauts are exposed to a wide variety of stressors ranging from radiation and microgravity to persistent fluids shifts, circadian shifts and the psychological stress of prolonged isolation and confinement. On deep space missions, beyond the range of the Earth's magnetosphere, ionizing radiation may increase oxidative stress and DNA damage, immune system dysregulation and alter the effectiveness of the cellular defense mechanisms. By reviewing the health problems reported by astronauts participated in previous space missions, it is evident that viral infections are not rare in space. Recent reports suggest that COVID-19 can last for a long time in communities. Although NASA implements countermeasures designed to limit crew illness during
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the maternal omentin-1 level, quality of life and marital satisfaction of women with cesarean and vaginal delivery. This prospective cohort study was conducted on 45 women with elective cesarean delivery and 45 women with vaginal delivery who referred to a public hospital in Tehran, Iran. Maternal omentin-1 level was measured by ELISA kits within 24 h after delivery. The maternal quality of life and marital satisfaction in the third trimester of pregnancy and at 12 weeks postpartum were measured using WHOQOL-BREF and the Kansas marital satisfaction questionnaires, respectively. For making between-groups and within-groups comparison, independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test and chi-squar
Background: Melatonin is a natural antioxidant that is produced by the pineal gland. In this study was evaluated antioxidant and possible protective effects of melatonin on frequency of micronucleus (MN) formation in human cell lines exposed to γ-radiation. Materials and Methods: To achieve the best concentration for antioxidant activity of melatonin DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay was used. Hela and MRC5 cells were cultured and treated with optimum concentration of melatonin (1200μg/ml). After 2h, cells were exposed to 2Gy-gamma ray. For each cell group, one flask was considered as control. Immediately after irradiation, cells were exposed to cytochalasin B to arrest cells at cytokinesis. Then the frequency of MN induced by r
Objectives: Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder with multisystem involvement caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene which encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase. The aims of this study were to investigate class switch recombination (CSR) and to review the clinical and immunologic phenotypes of 3 groups of A-T patients, including A-T patients with CSR defects (CSR-D), A-T patients with selective immunoglobulin A deficiency (IgA-D) and A-T patients with normal Ig level.Methods: In this study, 41 patients with confirmed diagnosis of A-T (16 A-T patients with HIgM, 15 A-T patients with IgA-D, and 10 A-T patients with normal Ig levels
Background HIGM syndrome is a rare form of primary immunodeficiencies characterized by normal/increased amounts of serum IgM and decreased serum levels of other switched immunoglobulin classes. Since the affected patients are continuously infected with various types of pathogens and are susceptible for cancers, diagnostic and therapeutic tests including imaging techniques are recommended for the diagnosis and treatment of these patients, which predispose them to higher accumulated doses of radiation. Given the evidence of class switching recombination machinery defect and its association with an increased rate of DNA repair, we aimed to evaluate radiation sensitivity among a group of patients diag
Background: Glioblastoma is one of the most radioresistant cancers. It is suggested that combination of radiotherapy with other cancer treatment modalities may increase control of tumor. Temozolomide (TMZ) is one of the most known drugs for glioblastoma. It has shown that TMZ via induction of mutation and cell death can kill glioma cells. Objective: In the current study, we aimed to show possible radiosensitization effect of TMZ for glioma cells. In addition, results compared to response of normal fibroblast cells to TMZ and irradiation.Material and Methods: This is in vitro study for evaluation of the effect of TMZ and irradiation on high grade glioma cells and normal fibroblasts. The human fibroblast and glioma cells were cultured as mono
Background: The Linear Quadratic (LQ) equation as the most common formula in radiotherapy has a debatable accuracy in modeling high-dose effects. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate bystander response of the Grid treatment in SCC cell line, based on both theoretical calculations and? Original article experimental investigations. Materials and methods: The linear quadratic model was used to calculate the equivalent uniform dose (EUD) of a Grid-field with the 10 Gy maximum doses. According to the EUD definition, the identical tumor survival fraction (SF) was expected to obtain from both Grid and open-field single fraction. After observing the difference, the clonogenic and apoptosis assays were exerted to investigate bystander respon