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Backgrounds. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common metabolic disease associated with pathophysiological changes in the neuromuscular system. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a 6-week endurance training program on muscle strength, electrophysiological parameters, and functional activities in T2DM patients.Methods. The study period was divided into 6 weeks without training and 6 weeks with training. Twelve T2DM patients participated in this study. During the training period, the same T2DM patients went through an endurance training program. The assessment process included measurement of muscle strength, surface electromyography (SEMG) recording, and functional tests. Twelve healthy individuals were evaluated to comp
IntroductionDiabetic patients who undergo hemodialysis commonly suffer from reduction of both exercise capacity and muscle strength. These factors may have a negative effect on health related quality of life (HRQoL) and physical function. We investigated the effect of aerobic and resistance exercise training on the HRQoL, physical function, and muscle strength among hemodialysis patients with Type 2 diabetes.MethodsTwenty-eight diabetic patients who were on hemodialysis in the Milad Hospital (Tehran, Iran) were recruited for the study. Subjects were randomized into control (n = 13) and exercise training groups (n = 15). The exercise training group performed combined aerobic and resistance exercise training at moderate intensity (11?
Background The neuromuscular system generates human movement. The functional capacity of the neuromuscular system in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is decreased and this affects the generation of muscle force. Exercise is recommended as an effective treatment in such cases. Short-duration strength training causes neural adaptations in healthy participants, but the effects of strength training on T2DM are unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of strength training on neuromuscular efficiency of lower limb muscles in T2DM. Methods Surface electromyograms (SEMG) of the knee flexors and extensors were recorded during isometric contractions. The ratio of peak torque to SEMG amplitude was calculated as neuromus
BACKGROUND:Cervicogenic headache (CeH) is among the common types of headache which has an undesirable influence on the quality of life. The myofascial trigger point (MTrP) within the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle is one of the most important causes of CeH.OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of dry needling (DN) and ischemic compression (IC) on the headache symptoms as well as MTrP-related features in subjects with CeH originating from MTrPs of the SCM muscle using a sonographic method.METHODS:A total of 29 female subjects aged 35.34?12.19 on average with a clinical diagnosis of CeH originating from MTrP in the SCM muscle were randomly divided into the DN, IC, and control groups. Both DN and IC groups received 4
IntroductionMyofascial trigger points (MTrPs) are one of the most common and important causes of musculoskeletal pain. Ultrasound is a useful modality in examining musculoskeletal disorders. By applying compressive stress and observing changes in ultrasound images, the elastic modulus (Young's modulus) can be calculated. Our objective was to develop a novel method to distinguish MTrPs from normal tissues.MethodsA total of 29 subjects with MTrP in the sternocleidomastoid muscle were assessed. A force gauge was attached to a transducer to obtain stress levels. To obtain strain, images were recorded in both with stress and without stress states. By dividing the stress level by the measured strain, the elastic modulus was determined.ResultsElas
ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of ischemic compression on clinical outcomes of a cervicogenic headache and elastic behavior of myofascial trigger points.DesignRandomized, controlled trial.SettingOutpatient headache clinic.Subjects19 subjects with a cervicogenic headache originating from myofascial trigger point within the sternocleidomastoid muscle.InterventionsSubjects were randomized in treatment group (n?=?9) and control group (n?=?10). Subjects in the treatment group received 4 sessions of ischemic compression in the myofascial trigger point region.Main measuresHeadache intensity, frequency, and duration, trigger point elastic modulus, trigger point area, pressure tolerance, and pressure pain threshold were assessed before and afte
Objectives: To investigate the effect of ischemic compression on clinical outcomes of a cervicogenic headache and elastic behavior of myofascial trigger points.Design: Randomized, controlled trial was undertaken.Setting: Outpatient headache clinic.
Materials and Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes (n= 28) with a mean of 51.79 years of age (male and female), who referred to the neuromuscular rehabilitation research center of Semnan University of Medical Science, were assigned randomly in either of two experimental eccentric or concentric groups. Before and after intervention, displacement and speed of displacement the center of pressure in anteroposterior and mediolateral directions were measured.Results: Eccentric exercise training significantly reduced displacement the center of pressure in anteroposterior (P= 0.016) and mediolateral (P= 0.005) directions and speed of displacement in anteroposterior (P= 0.020) and mediolateral (P= 0.037) directions, in compare to concentric exerci
Research ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of Task-Oriented (TO) gait training on timing and activation of lower limb muscles in Diabetic Neuropathy (DN) patients. Task-oriented gait training specifically focus on promoting timing and coordination of lower extremity movements through goal-directed practices with enough repetition during walking (1).Design
Background: One of the most common complications of Diabetic Polyneuropathy (DPN) is decreased balance and Postural Control disorder. Balance has an important role in static and dynamic activities as a base of activities of daily living. The objective of this study was the evaluation and comparison of dynamic and functional balance in patients with DPN and healthy subjects.Methods: In this study, dynamic and functional balance of 11diabetic patients with DPN (detected by Michigan questionnaire) and 11 healthy subjects were evaluated by Biodex Balance System (BBS) and Tandem Stance (TS) test in open and closed eyes conditions. The participants were matched by age and BMI. An independent t-test was used to compare balance parameters between p
Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes which increases risk of falling. Reduction in neural blood flow is one proposed theory for this etiology of diabetic neuropathy. Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) is a treatment method that increases nutritional supplies for the peripheral nervous system. The current study aims at evaluating the effects of IPC therapy on two aspects of balance dysfunction as one of the most important clinical signs of diabetic neuropathy. This study is a single-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial that involved 39 patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. In this analysis, patients aged 40–75 years (with a mean age of 58.82?years) were randomly divided into interven
Background It is known that general gait training improves lower extremity muscle strength and endurance in Diabetes Neuropathy (DN). But, it is still unknown whether Task-Oriented (TO) gait training would change gait biomechanics and the risk of falling in DN. TO gait training focuses on promoting timing and coordination of lower extremity movements through goal-directed practices with sufficient repetition. Methods A group of 14 patients with DN participated in a time-series study. All subjects participated in four sessions of assessments (Initial, Pre, Post and Follow-Up). Training was twice a week for 12?weeks. Vertical and hori
INTRODUCTION: PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM) ARE SUBJECT TO PROGRESSIVE REDUCTION OF MUSCLE STRENGTH. BUT THE ENDURANCE RESPONCE AND ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC (EMG) PROPERTIES OF DIABETIC MUSCLES ARE NOT CLEAR YET. THE AIM WAS AN ASSESSMENT OF FORCE AND EMG INDICES OF KNEE MUSCLES IN THE SHORT AND LONG-TERM DIABETES DURING A 40 ISOKINETIC REPETITIONS EXERCISE.METHODS: PEAK TORQUE, WORK, MEDIAN POWER FREQUENCY (MPF) AND ROOT MEAN SQUARE (RMS) OF KNEE FLEXORS AND EXTENSORS WERE RECORDED FOR PER REPETITION KNEE FLEXION-EXTENSION CYCLES WITH A VELOCITY OF 150 DEGREE/S. A TOTAL OF FIFTY SUBJECTS WERE ANALYZED. EIGHTEEN SUBJECTS WITH LESS THAN 10 YEARS AND TWELVE SUBJECTS WITH EQUAL AND MORE THAN 10 YEARS OF T2DM WERE MATCHED TO 20 HEALTHY
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to analyze electrical activity of trunk muscles in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients and healthy subjects during trunk lateral bending and rotation movements.MethodsTen patients with right thoracic scoliosis [Cobb angle: 29.1? (10.4?)] and 10 control adolescents were studied. Electrical activities of erector spinae muscle at 6th and 10th thoracic and 3rd lumbar vertebral level, and external oblique muscles were measured bilaterally during the right and left bending from standing and prone positions, and trunk rotation in sitting position.FindingsIn trunk rotation to the right, the right-side external oblique (antagonist) muscle in scoliosis group was greater than that in control group (p?0.05).In
Background Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are subjected to reduction in the quality and oxidative capacity of muscles. The effect of duration of diabetes on the muscle endurance response is not clear and strength as well. Objective The aim of this study was the assessment of strength and endurance of knee extensor and flexor in the patients with T2DM < 10 and T2DM > 10 years in comparison with age, sex, BMI, ABI and PAI-matched health control subjects. Methods Isometric maximal peak torque (MPT) of knee extensor and flexor before and after 40 isokinetic repe