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The Sarkuh porphyry Cu deposit is located about 6 km southwest of the Sarcheshmeh world class porphyry Cu deposit, in the central section of the Kerman Cenozoic Magmatic Arc (KCMA), southeastern Iran. With about 115 Mt ore reserve @ 0.26 % Cu the Sarkuh deposit is known as one of the small deposits in this metallogenic belt. The mineralization is mainly associated with a porphyry granodiorite body which intruded into Eocene volcanics and volcaniclastics. Hydrothermal alteration zones observed in the area include potassic, propylitic, phyllic, and advanced argillic. The most important part of mineralization is associated with potassic alteration and occurs as quartz-sulfide veinlets, dissemination, and stockwork. Hypogene minerals inc
The Kashan plutons are situated in the central part of Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc recording subduction-related magmatism within the Alpine-Himalayan orogeny in Iran. These rocks consist of different calc-alkaline plutonic rocks including gabbro, gabbroic diorite, microdiorite, monzodiorite, tonalite, granodiorite, and granite. The plutons were emplaced into the Jurassic sedimentary units (Shemshak Formation) and the Eocene calc-alkaline volcanic and pyroclastic rocks. New U-Pb zircon ages show that the Kashan plutons formed during two main periods at 35.20?0.71 Ma in the Late Eocene (Priabonian) and at 18.90?0.84, 19.26?0.83, 19.30?1.2, and 17.3?1.8 Ma in the Early Miocene (Burdigalian). The reported events in the Kashan pl
Turquoise, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8?4H2O, belongs to the turquoise group, which consists of turquoise, chalcosiderite, aheylite, faustite, planerite, and UM1981-32-PO:FeH. In order to study turquoise-group solid solutions in samples from the Neyshabour and Meydook mines, 17 samples were selected and investigated using electron probe microanalysis. In addition, their major elements were compared in order to evaluate the feasibility of distinguishing the provenance of Persian turquoises. The electron microprobe data show that the studied samples are not constituted of pure turquoise (or any other pure endmember) and belong, from the chemical point of view, to turquoise-group solid solutions. In a turquoise–planerite–chalcosiderit
Boneh shurow metamorphic complex is located in the east of Saghand area, Central Iran. This complex consists of quartz-feldspatic gneiss (mafic minerals < 5%), biotite-amphibole gneisses, metabasics rocks, schists, subordinate dolomitic marble and quartzite interlayers and mafic and felsic magmatic intrusions that they have been retrogressed to lower amphibolite facies. In MORB-normalized plots, the metabasic samples can be classified into two groups: first group does not display Nb-Ta anomaly and second group displays negative Nb-Ta anomaly. Whole rock geochemistry and Sr– Nd isotopic composition of metabasic unites suggest derivation from two different mantlic sources in the back arc setting. A source enriched in Ti, such as plume tail,
The Higher Himalayan Crystallines (HHC), in western Garhwal, Uttarakhand are located in a regional-scale intracontinental ductile shear zone (15–20?km wide) bounded by the Main Central Thrust at the base, and the South Tibetan Detachment System at the top. The migmatite zone in the centre has the highest grade of metamorphism in the NW Himalayas and show evidence of flowage. Zircons extracted from samples of metasediment, migmatite, biotite granite and in situ partial melt (tourmaline-bearing leucogranite) along the Bhagirathi Valley, preserve U–Pb isotopic evidence of magmatic history, magma source and effects of the Himalayan orogeny in the region. Three distinct periods of zircon growth in the leucogranite record the episodic influx
The Zagros Orogen formed during the Cenozoic collision of Arabia with Eurasia and resulted in the closure of the Neo‐Tethys Ocean. Collision was preceded by a complicated tectonic history involving Pan‐African orogenesis, Late Palaeozoic rifting and the formation of Neo‐Tethys, and subsequent Mesozoic convergence on the northern margin of the ocean contemporaneous with ophiolite obduction on its southern margin. The Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone (SaSZ) is a metamorphic belt within the Zagros Orogen of Gondwanan provenance. U–Pb zircon geochronology has revealed the presence of Pan‐African igneous and metamorphic basement complexes, in addition to minor late Palaeozoic plutons and abundant Jurassic plutonic rocks. This study presents a LA
Geochemical data and Sr–Nd isotopes of the host rocks and magmatic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) collected from the Oligocene Nodoushan Plutonic Complex (NPC) in the central part of the Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic Belt (UDMB) were studied in order to better understand the magmatic and geodynamic evolution of the UDMB. New U–Pb zircon ages reveal that the NPC was assembled incrementally over ca. 5?m.y., during two main episodes at 30.52???0.11?Ma and 30.06???0.10?Ma in the early Oligocene (middle Rupelian) for dioritic and granite intrusives, and at 24.994???0.037?Ma and 24.13???0.19?Ma in the late Oligocene (latest Chattian) for granodioritic and diorite porphyry units, respectively. The spherical to ellipsoidal enclaves are composed of
The Iranian plateau comprises several geological units delineated by major faults and contrasting deformation histories, as major structural zones (Figure 1a). Stratigraphic and palaeomagnetic evidence from Late Precambrian to Late Palaeozoic rocks implies that the Iranian plateau region was part of Gondwana and most likely represented an extension of the Afro‐Arabian continental platform (Berberian & King, 1981; Ghavidel‐Syooki, 1995; St?cklin, 1968). It was separated from the Eurasian Plate by the Tethys Ocean, a major ocean basin that existed from the Palaeozoic to the Cenozoic, and was characterized by the development of ribbon‐like continental fragments such as Cimmeria, which rifted away from the northern margin of Gondwana to f
This is the first report on a previously not recognised eclogite facies metamorphic episode in rocks of the Boneh Shurow Complex. This complex is located in east of Saghand area, Central Iran. Previous studies have described it as a complex consisting of pink and gray gneisses, amphibolites, schists and subordinate dolomitic marble interlayers. Late-stage mafic-intermediate magmatic intrusions, together with their host rocks, were presumed to show lower amphibolite facies metamorphism.
Two types of mafic intrusions have been recognized in the north of the Bafq district, Central Iran. A number of olivine-gabbroic to gabbroic sills intruded the Rizu Formation, comprised of alternating carbonate and volcanic rocks. Mineralogical data show that olivine?+?pyroxene?+?brown amphibole (kaersutite)?+?calcic plagioclase?+?opaque comprise the olivine-gabbroic rocks, and intermediate (or sodic) plagioclase?+?altered pyroxene and altered amphibole to biotite?+?opaque minerals the gabbroic rocks. Both rock types have shown within-plate and alkaline characters and have been presumed to be related to rift formation. The mafic-alkaline magma source of the sills is proposed to have been derived from enriched mantle. Regional
As a part of Takab Metamorphic Complex (TMC), Belqeis Mountain has a variety of metamorphic rocks including orthogneiss, pelitic schists, meta-ultramafics and mafic rocks and dolomitic marbles. This complex was metamorphosed, faulted and folded during Late Neoproterozoic-Early Cambrian Pan-African orogeny and invaded by granitoid pertinent to the subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic crust beneath the Iranian crust during Tertiary. Geochemically, the protolith of orthogneiss of Belqeis Mountain is high K and has calc-alkaline affinity and both fractional crystallization and magma mixing have been incorporated significantly to produce the protolith of them. The pattern of trace elements normalized to chondrite and primitive mantle points to e
The Nodoushan plutonic complex is composed of a wide range of felsic and mafic rocks straddling several of the major orogenic zones in Iran. Diorite porphyry, diorite, granodiorite and granite intrusives belong to the central part of the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic belt, which is part of the Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt. Monzogabbroic members of the complex are instead located within the bordering Sanandaj–Sirjan magmatic-metamorphic zone. These plutons were emplaced into Permian and lower Cretaceous sedimentary units and Eocene calc-alkaline volcanic and subvolcanic rocks. New U-Pb zircon ages reveal that the plutonic complex was assembled incrementally over ca. 15?m.y. during three main episodes at 40.487???0.063?Ma near the Middle/Lat
Supply of strategic materials during the Cold War was under the influence of military competition between East and West. But after the cold war and turning of geopolitics and geostrategy to geoeconomics, the assessment method of criticality matrix with dimension of economic importance and supply risk has been commenced by the US National Research Council. It has spread based on conflict between north and south and security or economic power of the developed countries. In this paper it is attempt to study a mineral using various critical minerals assessment methods to verify its effectiveness in economic development and its geoeconomics importance of Iran. One of such materials is the fluorite strategic mineral with trade mark of fluorspar t
The Late Eocene Tarom-e-Olya pluton is one of the plutonic bodies cropped out in the Alborz-Azarbayjan zone in the NW of Iran. The pluton, with NW-SE trend, is intruded into the Eocene Sedimentry-volcanic rocks and comprises mainly of monzonite and quartz monzonite rocks with subordinate monzogranite, monzodiorite and quartz monzodiorite. They are I-type metaluminous in nature and shoshonitic in composition, characterized by rather high total alkalies (K2O> Na2O, ranging from 0.9 to 2wt%). On primitive mantle normalized trace element spider diagrams the pluton shows strong enrichment of large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) and depletion in high-field strength elements (HFSE) such as Nb, Ta and Ti. The Chondrite-normalized REE patterns are c
The studied area is located in 30th km of Bouien-Zahra road in Saveh in southern border of Khiaraj 1:100,000 Geology map rectangle (Danesfahan) in South of Takestan of Iran. This area is a part of volcano-plutonic belt of Urumia-Dokhtar. Rocky outcrops in this area are mainly in two types of volcanic and plutonic. Volcanic Rocks with the age of Eocene are Trachyte to trachyandesite and andesite to basalt-andesite. Plutonic stones with the age of Oligo-Miocene to Miocene are in types of quartz diorite, quartz monzonite, Monzonite and Semi-acidic volcanic domes and granite aplite. Due to having dominant fault systems with trends of NW-SE and NE-SW in an intersectional manner in this area, vein-veinlets Siliciclastic sulfide mineralization can
The Nodoushan intrusive complex is a part of Cenozoic plutonism, which located in the central part of the Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic Belt (UDMB). This complex consists of four main intrusives, including diorite, granite-granodiorite, diorite porphyry and granodiorite. Mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) are abundant in the diorite porphyry and granodioritic intrusives and also in some parts of Granitegranodiorite intrusives, which consist of diorite, monzodiorite and rarely gabbro -diorite. According to geochemical data, the Nodoushan intrusive complex is metalominous to moderately peraluminous, I-type and shows medium to high potassium calc-alkaline affinity. Geochemical investigations show that contamination and mafic-felsic magma mixing