Forming urban heat islands is a serious challenge of the present age and a concern of academic communities. Attention to this issue has increased tremendously in scientific articles and researches, particularly in the last decade. With regard to the importance of the issue, the aim of this study is to form a systematic review and thematic analysis of articles and other researches in this field. Moreover, the content of the key articles was analyzed and the most important factors affecting the formation of urban heat islands were represented in a diagram and each of them was analyzed separately. As examined, urban heat islands are affected by climatic and urban construction factors. The climatic factors include sunlight, wind speed and direc

After two decades of focused global efforts on the link between the physical environment and health, while most of these studies have focused on the objective components of obesity and obesity, there is little research to improve mental health, especially in the country Iran. Accordingly, the present paper attempts to provide a research agenda for urban designers by reviewing the narrative of empirical literature and empirical evidence, and outlining the main challenges and ambiguities that research faces. A variety of databases and search engines such as Google Scholar, Pop Fashion, Scopus and Web of Science have been used to find articles. Selected articles were chosen on the basis of subject relevance, number of citations, and recent fin

Aims: Numerous articles and books on the concept of" Islamic city" have been written by Muslim scholars and western orientalists over the past decades. Some scholars have indicated that the concept of an Islamic city is not appropriate with the requirements of contemporary times and on the other hand, some scholars argue that there is a need for more attention. The aim of this study in the first step was to classify and analyze different readings of Islamic city and it was rethinking the definition based on the requirements of contemporary times in the second step.Instruments & Methods: The present study is descriptive-analytical and exploratory research. Data collection was conducted using library studies and depth interviews with experts

Aims: Numerous articles and books on the concept of" Islamic city" have been written by Muslim scholars and western orientalists over the past decades. Some scholars have indicated that the concept of an Islamic city is not appropriate with the requirements of contemporary times and on the other hand, some scholars argue that there is a need for more attention. The aim of this study in the first step was to classify and analyze different readings of Islamic city and it was rethinking the definition based on the requirements of contemporary times in the second step.Instruments & Methods: The present study is descriptive-analytical and exploratory research. Data collection was conducted using library studies and depth interviews with experts

In Islamic theology, taqwā is the highest standard for personal conduct in daily life in the sight of God (Qur'an 49: 13), and as such is an important foundation for morals and ethics. The term is usually translated into English as' piety', but this concept does not transfer readily into the spatial realm of architecture. However taqwā has other layers of meaning which may better accommodate translation from a theological to an architectural context. Taqwā literally means' to protect and preserve oneself.'The analogy between taqwā and clothing arrives, in the Qur'an, from its semantic affinity with the concept of covering and adornment, which already indicates certain architectural possibilities. The relationship of the term to humility

Affiliations: 1. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF URBAN DESIGN, FACULTY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, TARBIAT MODARES UNIVERSITY (TMU), TEHRAN, IRAN. 2. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF URBAN DESIGN, FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM, ART UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN, TEHRAN, IRAN. 3. PHD. CANDIDATE OF URBANISM, FACULTY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, TARBIAT MODARES UNIVERSITY (TMU), TEHRAN, IRAN.